Introduction to Electromagnetic Compatibility Testing of Electronic Anti-theft Locks_Century Wisdom (Suzhou) Testing Technology Co., Ltd

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Introduction to Electromagnetic Compatibility Testing of Electronic Anti-theft Locks

Release time:

2022-04-30 00:00

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　　Smart home is a very popular field. Whether it is foreign or domestic, many companies have entered this field and launched related products one after another. This has accelerated the landing of smart home in the homes of ordinary users to a certain extent. The emergence of smart door locks is another expansion field of smart homes. Smart door locks use Bluetooth and other wireless communication technologies to open the door directly through mobile phones with the help of smart phones and supporting applications. Compared with traditional door locks, especially for families with elderly and children at home, the advantages of using smart door locks are obvious. . Fingerprint locks have gradually changed our lives, from needless to rigid need.

　　Up to now, my country's smart door lock industry has more than 1,300 manufacturers and nearly 2,800 brands. The safety and quality of door locks are becoming more and more important. Whether the quality of smart door locks is qualified, they must pass the inspection and certification of relevant national agencies before they can enter the market. Among them, the EMC test of the smart door lock and the anti-technical opening test are particularly important. In this regard, this article will focus on these two tests.

Yongkang Gate Fair "Little Black Box"

　　1. Intelligent lock detection standard

　　At present, there are three main domestic smart lock standards:

　　1. GA 374-2019 "Electronic Anti-theft Lock Standard" released in 2001;

　　2. GA 701-2007 "General Technical Specifications for Fingerprint Anti-theft Locks" issued in 2007;

　　3. JG/T 394-2012 "General Technical Conditions for Building Smart Locks" issued in 2012;

　　4. GB/T 30148-2013 "Electromagnetic Compatibility Immunity Requirements and Test Methods for Security Alarm Equipment" released in 2019

　　The first two standards were drafted by the Ministry of Public Security. As long as the standards related to safety and anti-theft words are generally drafted by the Ministry of Public Security, most of the smart locks currently mentioned are used on anti-theft doors, so the first two standards are widely used; The third is drafted by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, and the first two standards are quoted in many places, such as undervoltage detection, technical terms and definitions, key volume, etc.; the fourth is drafted by the Ministry of Public Security, referring to the EMC test of civilian products. The EMC test of security equipment specifies its test method.

　　At present, the detection of smart locks in the field of security is mainly carried out by the domestic testing center of the Ministry of Public Security Research Institute, the testing center of the Third Research Institute of the Ministry of Public Security, and UL of foreign testing structures, and local testing structures (such as Zhejiang Provincial Lock Product Quality Inspection Center, etc.). Among them, the Beijing Testing Center of the Ministry of Public Security and the Shanghai Testing Center are the main ones. In terms of the main content and items of the test, it mainly includes electrical performance, anti-theft safety performance, durability test, climate environment adaptability, mechanical environment adaptability, electromagnetic compatibility, electrical security, key quantity, etc.

　　In addition, "ANSI/UL 1034-2004 Burglary-Resistant Electric Locking Mechanisms" (anti-theft electronic lock mechanism) is implemented in the United States; in Europe, there are testing standards such as EN2209:2003, EN1906:2002, EN1303:2005.

　　2. Smart lock EMC and anti-technical opening detection

　　From the current point of view, the main contents and items of intelligent lock detection are nothing more than: electrical performance, anti-theft safety performance, durability inspection, climate environment adaptability, mechanical environment adaptability, electromagnetic compatibility, electrical safety, key quantity , anti-technical activation...

　　Take the "GA 374-2001 Electronic Anti-theft Lock Standard" as an example, which is widely used at present. As long as anti-theft is involved, this standard is basically implemented in China.

　　2.1 Electromagnetic Compatibility

　　2.1.1 Electrostatic Discharge Immunity

　　Requirements: The electrostatic discharge immunity limit should meet the requirements of test level 4 in GB/T17626.2-2006. During the test, the electronic anti-theft lock should not malfunction and should work normally after the test.

contact discharge		air discharge
grade	Test voltage kV	grade	Test voltage kV
1	2	1	2
2	4	2	4
3	6	3	8
4	8	4	15
X	to be determined	X	to be determined

　　test:

　　2.1.2 Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Field Radiation Immunity

　　Requirements: The limit value of radio frequency electromagnetic field radiation immunity should meet the requirements of test level 3 in GB/T17626.3-2016. During the test, the electronic anti-theft lock should not malfunction, and it should be able to work normally after the test. After the test, the digital key does not Data changes or invalidations should occur.

grade	Test field strength/(V/m)
1	1
2	3
3	10
4	30
X	to be determined

　　test:

　　2.1.3 Electrical fast transient burst immunity

　　Requirements: For electronic anti-theft locks powered by AC grid power, the electrical fast transient burst immunity shall comply with the provisions of Chapter 12 of GB/T30148-2013.

Test voltage		polarity	Number of trials per polarity	Duration min
AC public grid power supply line kV	Other power supply lines/signal lines kV
2	1	+ , -	1	1~1.2

　　test:

　　2.1.4 Immunity to voltage dips, short interruptions

　　Requirements: For electronic anti-theft locks powered by AC grid power, the voltage sag and short-time interruption immunity shall comply with the provisions of Chapter 8 of GB/T30148-2013.

Voltage drop %	Decline duration period number (50Hz/60Hz)	Number of drops	Falling time interval s
20	250/300	3	≥10
30	25/30	3	≥10
60	10/12	3	≥10
100	0.5;1;250/300	3	≥10

　　test:

Test schematic

System Connection Diagram

　　2.1.5 Surge (shock) immunity

　　Requirements: For electronic anti-theft locks powered by AC grid power, the surge (shock) immunity shall comply with the provisions in Chapter 13 of GB/T30148-2013.

Test voltage			polarity	Minimum number of surge pulses applied per polarity/voltage/coupling and per line
AC public grid power supply line		Other power supply/signal lines
Line--Line kV	Line - ground kV	Line - ground kV		AC public grid power supply line	Other power supply/signal lines
0.5 and 1	0.5, 1 and 2	0.5 and 1	+ , -	20	5

　　test:

　　2.2 Anti-Technology Opening

　　In addition to violent opening, people pay more attention to the performance of anti-technical opening. "GA 374-2001 Electronic Anti-theft Lock Standard" requires:

　　2.2.1 Anti-Strong Electric Field Technology Enabled

　　Requirements: Electronic anti-theft locks that work normally should not open under the action of a strong electric field of 50V/m.

　　Test: Under normal working conditions, the tested electronic anti-theft lock is subjected to an electromagnetic field with a radiation field strength of 50V/m, a pulse modulation method, a modulation frequency of 1Hz (0.5s on, 0.5s off), and frequencies of 150MHz, 350MHz, and 450MHz respectively. , 800MHz, the electromagnetic field application time of each frequency point is 10min, determine whether the result meets the above requirements.

　　Note: The signal source requires PM pulse modulation

　　2.2.2 Anti-Strong Magnetic Field Technology Enabled

　　Requirements: Electronic anti-theft locks that work normally should not open under the action of a strong magnetic field of 0.5T.

　　Test: Under normal working conditions, the tested electronic anti-theft lock uses a magnetic material with a surface magnetic induction intensity of not less than 0.5T to slide freely around the lock to determine whether the result meets the above requirements

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